Cultural competency and ethical behavior for collaboration in limited-resource settings: Guidelines from the Society of University Surgeons Academic Global Surgery Committee and the Association for Academic Global Surgery.

BACKGROUND: There are an increasing number of global surgery activities worldwide. With such tremendous growth, there is a potential risk for untoward interactions between high-income country members and low-middle income country members, leading to programmatic failure, poor results, and/or low impact. METHODS: Key concepts for cultural competency and ethical behavior were generated by the Academic Global Surgery Committee of the Society for University Surgeons in collaboration with the Association for Academic Global Surgery. Both societies ensured active participation from high-income countries and low-middle income countries. RESULTS: The guidelines provide a framework for cultural competency and ethical behavior for high-income country members when collaborating with low-middle income country partners by offering recommendations for: (1) preparation for work with low-middle income countries; (2) process standardization; (3) working with the local community; (4) limits of practice; (5) patient autonomy and consent; (6) trainees; (7) potential pitfalls; and (8) gray areas. CONCLUSION: The article provides an actionable framework to address potential cultural competency and ethical behavior issues in high-income country - low-middle income country global surgery collaborations.

Percutaneous kidney biopsies in children: a 24-year review in a tertiary center in northern Portugal.

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous kidney biopsy (KB) is crucial to the diagnosis and management of several renal pathologies. National data on native KB in pediatric patients are scarce. We aimed to review the demographic and clinical characteristics and histopathological patterns in children who underwent native percutaneous KB over 24 years. METHODS: Retrospective observational study of patients undergoing native percutaneous KB in a pediatric nephrology unit between 1998 and 2021, comparing 3 periods: period 1 (1998-2005), period 2 (2006-2013), and period 3 (2014-2021). RESULTS: We found that 228 KB were performed, 78 (34.2%) in period 1, 91 (39.9%) in period 2, and 59 (25.9%) in period 3. The median age at KB was 11 (7-14) years. The main indications for KB were nephrotic syndrome (NS) (42.9%), hematuria and/or non-nephrotic proteinuria (35.5%), and acute kidney injury (13.2%). Primary glomerulopathies were more frequent (67.1%), particularly minimal change disease (MCD) (25.4%), IgA nephropathy (12.7%), and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) (8.8%). Of the secondary glomerulopathies, lupus nephritis (LN) was the most prevalent (11.8%). In group 1, hematuria and/or non-nephrotic proteinuria were the main reasons for KB, as opposed to NS in groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.01). LN showed an increasing trend (period 1-3: 2.6%-5.3%) and focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) showed a slight decreasing trend (period 1-3: 3.1%-1.8%), without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: The main indication for KB was NS, which increased over time, justifying the finding of MCD as main histological diagnosis. LN showed an increase in incidence over time, while FSGS cases did not increase.

The Clinical Spectrum of Adrenoleukodystrophy at a Portuguese Tertiary Hospital: Case Series and Review of Literature.

Adrenoleukodystrophy, a rare genetic disease associated with the X chromosome (X-ALD - X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy), predominantly affects males and stems from mutations in the ABCD1 gene, responsible for transporting very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) into peroxisomes. It leads to adrenal insufficiency (AI) and axonal demyelination. In males, the phenotype varies from isolated adrenocortical insufficiency and progressive myelopathy to cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD). The aim of this case series is to characterize patients with different clinical presentations of X-ALD with follow-up at a tertiary Portuguese hospital. All four patients were males, and the median age at the diagnosis was 5 years. Three patients were diagnosed through family screening, with the oldest already displaying hyperpigmentation. Two distinct forms were identified: adolescent CALD (25%) and isolated primary adrenal insufficiency (75%). Analytical studies revealed elevated plasma VLCFA levels in all cases, and genetic analysis demonstrated two different mutations in the ABCD1 gene. This disorder requires early diagnosis for improved prognosis. Screening male children with primary AIfor X-ALD using a VLCFA panel should be considered, particularly after ruling out the most common causes or when learning difficulties are evident. Genetic confirmation of the diagnosis is essential, enabling genetic counseling, family planning, and preimplantation genetic diagnosis.

Smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents / Dependência do smartphone e alteração postural da região cervical de adolescentes

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 281 adolescents (15 to 19 years old), attending the 1st to the 3rd grades of High School, carried out between September and October 2019 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data collection took place in two stages. In the first, they answered four self-administered questionnaires: sociodemographic questionnaire, health conditions and smartphone use, Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NMQ), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). In the second stage, they were submitted to photogrammetry using the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) and anthropometric assessment (weight and height). The software SPSS Statistics version 23.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total number of adolescents, 63.3% (n=178) showed smartphone addiction, using it for 5.8 hours (±3.5) during the week and 8.7 (±4.0) hours on the weekend. When analyzing postural alignment in the anterior view, a significant reduction in the lateral head tilt was observed when typing on the smartphone (p=0.002) compared to the anatomical position (baseline). In the lateral view, an increase in head anteriorization was observed during smartphone use (p<0.05). There was an association between smartphone addiction and head anteriorization (p<0.05). Conclusions: The use of the smartphone in the typing position causes postural alterations in the cervical region, especially in adolescents with smartphone addiction. Therefore, health promotion measures that alert adolescents to the adverse effects caused by prolonged smartphone use are necessary.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a dependência do smartphone e a alteração postural da região cervical em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 281 adolescentes (15 a 19 anos), que frequentavam da 1ᵃ à 3ᵃ série do ensino médio, realizado entre setembro e outubro de 2019 na cidade de Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em duas etapas. Na primeira, eles responderam a quatro questionários autoaplicáveis: questionário sociodemográfico, condições de saúde e uso do smartphon e, Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Musculoesqueléticos (NMQ), Self-Report Questi onnaire (SRQ-20) e o Smartphone A ddiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). Na segunda etapa, foram submetidos a fotogrametria pelo Software de Avaliação Postural (SAPO) e avaliação antropométrica (peso e altura). Para a análise dos dados, foi utilizado o SPSS Statistics versão 23.0. Resultados: Do total, 63,3% (n=178) dos adolescentes apresentaram dependência do smartphone, com o uso de 5,8 horas (±3,5) durante a semana e 8,7 (±4,0) no fim de semana. Ao analisar o alinhamento postural na visão anterior, observou-se redução significativa da inclinação lateral de cabeça ao digitar no smartphon e (p=0,002) comparado à posição anatômica (baseline). Na visão lateral foi constatado aumento da anteriorização de cabeça durante o uso do smartphon e (p<0,05). Houve associação da dependência do smartphone com a anteriorização de cabeça (p<0,05). Conclusões: O uso do smartphone na posição de digitação causa alteração postural na região cervical, destacadamente naqueles que apresentam dependência do dispositivo. Dessa forma, são necessárias medidas de promoção de saúde que alertem os adolescentes sobre os efeitos adversos causados pelo uso prolongado do smartphone.

Smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate smartphone addiction and postural alterations in the cervical region in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 281 adolescents (15 to 19 years old), attending the 1st to the 3rd grades of High School, carried out between September and October 2019 in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data collection took place in two stages. In the first, they answered four self-administered questionnaires: sociodemographic questionnaire, health conditions and smartphone use, Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Questionnaire (NMQ), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI-BR). In the second stage, they were submitted to photogrammetry using the Postural Assessment Software (SAPO) and anthropometric assessment (weight and height). The software SPSS Statistics version 23.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the total number of adolescents, 63.3% (n=178) showed smartphone addiction, using it for 5.8 hours (±3.5) during the week and 8.7 (±4.0) hours on the weekend. When analyzing postural alignment in the anterior view, a significant reduction in the lateral head tilt was observed when typing on the smartphone (p=0.002) compared to the anatomical position (baseline). In the lateral view, an increase in head anteriorization was observed during smartphone use (p<0.05). There was an association between smartphone addiction and head anteriorization (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The use of the smartphone in the typing position causes postural alterations in the cervical region, especially in adolescents with smartphone addiction. Therefore, health promotion measures that alert adolescents to the adverse effects caused by prolonged smartphone use are necessary.

Lissencephaly With Cerebellar Hypoplasia Due To a New RELN Mutation.

Lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (LCH) is a rare variant form of lissencephaly, its distinctive neuroradiological phenotype being an important investigation clue regarding the potential involved genes, including variants in RELN gene. We report on a case of LCH whose clinical and neuroradiological features led to the identification of a homozygous pathogenic variant in RELN gene that has not been previously reported in the scientific literature.

Estimating the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Pediatric Patients With Neurogenic Bladder: A Comparison Between Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Equations.

Background and objective Patients with neurogenic bladder (NB) are at a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to their lower muscle mass, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine (Cr) may be overestimated and delay the diagnosis of renal failure. This study compared eGFR calculated with different equations based on Cr and/or cystatin C (CysC) in children with NB, and the differences between patients with lower muscle mass (underdeveloped lower limbs) and those with independent gait (less muscle depletion). Methods We calculated the eGFR in pediatric patients with NB and CKD stages 1 and 2 by using the following equations: Chronic Kidney Disease in Children equation for serum creatinine (CKiD-Cr), CKiD-CysC, CKiD combined-Cr/CysC, Zappitelli-CysC, and Zappitelli combined-Cr/CysC. Results We evaluated a total of 47 patients, 74.5% with CKD stage 1, with a median age of 14.1 years. Of these participants, 59.6% had lipo/myelomeningocele. The CKiD-Cr and CysC-based equations led to significantly lower calculated eGFR ​​(p<0.05), specifically CKiD-CysC (p<0.001), Zappitelli-CysC (p<0.001), CKiD-Cr/CysC (p<0.001), and Zappitelli combined-Cr/CysC (p<0.05). When CKiD-CysC was used, 68% of the patients moved to a more advanced CKD stage. In patients without independent gait, with lower muscle mass (55.3%), the median eGFR calculated using the CKiD-Cr and CKiD combined-Cr/CysC equations was significantly higher (p<0.05). However, there were no differences between the two groups when using the other CysC-based equations. Conclusion In patients with NB and poor muscle mass, the CKiD-Cr equation may overestimate renal function. CysC-based equations seem more reliable in these patients, especially in those with greater muscular atrophy.

Everolimus as a therapeutic option in refractory epilepsy in children with tuberous sclerosis: a systematic review / Everolimo como opção terapêutica na epilepsia refratária em crianças com esclerose tuberosa: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Background Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a multisystem genetic disease in which epilepsy is a frequent manifestation and is often difficult to control. Everolimus is a drug with proven efficacy in the treatment of other conditions related to TS, and some evidence suggests that its use benefits the treatment of refractory epilepsy in these patients. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of everolimus in controlling refractory epilepsy in children with TS. Methods A literature review was conducted in the Pubmed, BVS, and Medline databases, using the descriptors Tuberous sclerosis, Children, Epilepsy, and Everolimus. Original clinical trials and prospective studies published in Portuguese or English in the last decade that evaluated the use of everolimus as an adjuvant therapy in the control of refractory epilepsy in pediatric patients with TS were included. Results Our search screened 246 articles from electronic databases, 6 of which were chosen for review. Despite the methodological variations between the studies, most patients benefited from the use of everolimus to control refractory epilepsy, with response rates ranging from 28.6 to 100%. Adverse effects were present in all studies leading to dropouts of some patients; however, the majority were of low severity. Conclusion The selected studies suggest a beneficial effect of everolimus in the treatment of refractory epilepsy in children with TS, despite the adverse effects observed. Further studies involving a larger sample in double-blind controlled clinical trials should be performed to provide more information and statistical credibility.

Resumo Antecedentes A esclerose tuberosa (ET) é uma doença genética multissistêmica na qual a epilepsia é a manifestação neurológica mais frequente, sendo muitas vezes de difícil controle. O everolimo é uma droga com eficácia comprovada no tratamento de outras condições relacionadas à ET, e indícios sugerem benefícios de seu uso também no controle da epilepsia refratária nesses pacientes. Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia do everolimo no controle da epilepsia refratária em crianças com ET. Métodos Revisão de literatura nas bases de dados Pubmed, BVS e Medline, utilizando os descritores Tuberous sclerosis, Children, Epilepsy e Everolimus. Incluíram-se ensaios clínicos originais e estudos prospectivos publicados em português ou inglês na última década e que avaliassem o uso do everolimo como terapia adjuvante no controle da epilepsia refratária em pacientes pediátricos com ET. Resultados Nossa busca rastreou 246 artigos nas bases de dados, dos quais 6 foram escolhidos para a revisão. Apesar das variações metodológicas entre os estudos, a maioria dos pacientes tiveram benefício no uso do everolimo para controle da epilepsia refratária, com taxas de resposta variando entre 28.6 e 100%. Os efeitos adversos estiveram presentes em todos os estudos, levando à desistência de alguns pacientes, contudo a maioria foi de baixa gravidade. Conclusão Os estudos selecionados sugerem efeito benéfico do everolimo no tratamento da epilepsia refratária em crianças com ET, apesar dos efeitos adversos observados. Novos estudos envolvendo uma amostra maior em ensaios clínicos controlados duplo-cegos devem ser realizados para fornecer mais informações e credibilidade estatística.

Everolimus as a therapeutic option in refractory epilepsy in children with tuberous sclerosis: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a multisystem genetic disease in which epilepsy is a frequent manifestation and is often difficult to control. Everolimus is a drug with proven efficacy in the treatment of other conditions related to TS, and some evidence suggests that its use benefits the treatment of refractory epilepsy in these patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of everolimus in controlling refractory epilepsy in children with TS. METHODS: A literature review was conducted in the Pubmed, BVS, and Medline databases, using the descriptors Tuberous sclerosis, Children, Epilepsy, and Everolimus. Original clinical trials and prospective studies published in Portuguese or English in the last decade that evaluated the use of everolimus as an adjuvant therapy in the control of refractory epilepsy in pediatric patients with TS were included. RESULTS: Our search screened 246 articles from electronic databases, 6 of which were chosen for review. Despite the methodological variations between the studies, most patients benefited from the use of everolimus to control refractory epilepsy, with response rates ranging from 28.6 to 100%. Adverse effects were present in all studies leading to dropouts of some patients; however, the majority were of low severity. CONCLUSION: The selected studies suggest a beneficial effect of everolimus in the treatment of refractory epilepsy in children with TS, despite the adverse effects observed. Further studies involving a larger sample in double-blind controlled clinical trials should be performed to provide more information and statistical credibility.

ANTECEDENTES: A esclerose tuberosa (ET) é uma doença genética multissistêmica na qual a epilepsia é a manifestação neurológica mais frequente, sendo muitas vezes de difícil controle. O everolimo é uma droga com eficácia comprovada no tratamento de outras condições relacionadas à ET, e indícios sugerem benefícios de seu uso também no controle da epilepsia refratária nesses pacientes. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia do everolimo no controle da epilepsia refratária em crianças com ET. MéTODOS: Revisão de literatura nas bases de dados Pubmed, BVS e Medline, utilizando os descritores Tuberous sclerosis, Children, Epilepsy e Everolimus. Incluíram-se ensaios clínicos originais e estudos prospectivos publicados em português ou inglês na última década e que avaliassem o uso do everolimo como terapia adjuvante no controle da epilepsia refratária em pacientes pediátricos com ET. RESULTADOS: Nossa busca rastreou 246 artigos nas bases de dados, dos quais 6 foram escolhidos para a revisão. Apesar das variações metodológicas entre os estudos, a maioria dos pacientes tiveram benefício no uso do everolimo para controle da epilepsia refratária, com taxas de resposta variando entre 28.6 e 100%. Os efeitos adversos estiveram presentes em todos os estudos, levando à desistência de alguns pacientes, contudo a maioria foi de baixa gravidade. CONCLUSãO: Os estudos selecionados sugerem efeito benéfico do everolimo no tratamento da epilepsia refratária em crianças com ET, apesar dos efeitos adversos observados. Novos estudos envolvendo uma amostra maior em ensaios clínicos controlados duplo-cegos devem ser realizados para fornecer mais informações e credibilidade estatística.

Geographical Inequalities in Access to Bellwether Procedures in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Brazil is a middle-income country that aims to provide universal health coverage, but its surgical system's efficiency has rarely been analyzed. In an effort to strengthen surgical national systems, the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery proposed bellwether procedures as quality indicators of surgical workforces. This study aims to evaluate regional inequalities in access to bellwether procedures and their associated mortality across the five Brazilian geographical regions. METHODS: Using DATASUS, Brazil's national healthcare database, data were collected on the total amount of performed bellwether procedures-cesarean section, laparotomy, and open fracture management-and their associated mortality, by geographical region. We evaluated the years 2018-2020, both in emergent and elective conditions. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's multiple comparisons test. RESULTS: During this period, DATASUS registered 2,687,179 cesarean sections, 1,036,841 laparotomies, and 648,961 open fracture treatments. The access and associated mortality related to these procedures were homogeneous between the regions in elective care. There were significant geographical inequalities in access and associated mortality in emergency care (p < 0.05, 95% CI) for all bellwether procedures. The Southeast, the most economically developed region of the country, was the region with the lowest amount of bellwether procedures per 100,000 inhabitants. CONCLUSION: Brazil's public surgical system is competent at promoting elective surgical care, but more effort is needed to fortify emergency care services. Public policies should encourage equity in the geographic allocation of the surgical workforce.

Two-Step In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Cellular Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2.

The cellular immune response plays an important role in COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2. This feature makes use of in vitro models' useful tools to evaluate vaccines and biopharmaceutical effects. Here, we developed a two-step model to evaluate the cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced or spike protein stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from both unexposed and COVID-19 (primo-infected) individuals (Step1). Moreover, the supernatants of these cultures were used to evaluate its effects on lung cell lines (A549) (Step2). When PBMC from the unexposed were infected by SARS-CoV-2, cytotoxic natural killer and nonclassical monocytes expressing inflammatory cytokines genes were raised. The supernatant of these cells can induce apoptosis of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 6.4% × 17.7%). Meanwhile, PBMCs from primo-infected presented their memory CD4+ T cells activated with a high production of IFNG and antiviral genes. Supernatant from past COVID-19 subjects contributed to reduce apoptosis (mock vs. Step2 [ratio]: 7.2 × 1.4) and to elevate the antiviral activity (iNOS) of A549 cells (mock vs. Step2 [mean]: 31.5% × 55.7%). Our findings showed features of immune primary cells and lung cell lines response after SARS-CoV-2 or spike protein stimulation that can be used as an in vitro model to study the immunity effects after SARS-CoV-2 antigen exposure.

Translation into Brazilian Portuguese and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the NCCPC-PV for Pain Evaluation of Patients with Intellectual Disability to Communicate.

Objective To perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist - Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV) instrument, which assesses acute pain in individuals with severe intellectual disability (ID) who present great cognitive impairment and inability to communicate (CIIC). Method In the adaptation process, the original NCCPC-PV was translated, back-translated, its versions were discussed by a committee of experts, and the resulting tool was tested in 20 health professionals and 20 caregivers of CCIC patients regarding its semantic clarity. Results Data from the present study and its participants were analyzed and their results were described. Thus, "Lista de Verificação de Dor em Crianças Não Comunicantes - Versão Pós-operatória" (Br-NCCPC-PV) was obtained as the final version in Brazilian Portuguese. Conclusion After the present study, the Br-NCCPC-PV was considered adequate for use in the Brazilian population.

Translation into Brazilian Portuguese and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the NCCPC-PV for Pain Evaluation of Patients with Intellectual Disability to Communicate / Tradução para o português brasileiro e adaptação transcultural do NCCPC-PV para avaliação de dor em pacientes com incapacidade intelectual de comunicação

Abstract Objective To perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist - Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV) instrument, which assesses acute pain in individuals with severe intellectual disability (ID) who present great cognitive impairment and inability to communicate (CIIC). Method In the adaptation process, the original NCCPC-PV was translated, back-translated, its versions were discussed by a committee of experts, and the resulting tool was tested in 20 health professionals and 20 caregivers of CCIC patients regarding its semantic clarity. Results Data from the present study and its participants were analyzed and their results were described. Thus, "Lista de Verificação de Dor em Crianças Não Comunicantes - Versão Pós-operatória" (Br-NCCPC-PV) was obtained as the final version in Brazilian Portuguese. Conclusion After the present study, the Br-NCCPC-PV was considered adequate for use in the Brazilian population.

Resumo Objetivo Realizar a tradução e a adaptação transcultural para o português falado no Brasil do instrumento "Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist - Postoperative Version" (NCCPC-PV), destinado a avaliar a dor aguda em indivíduos com deficiência intelectual (DI) grave que apresentam grande comprometimento cognitivo e incapacidade de comunicação (CCIC). Método No processo de adaptação utilizado, o NCCPC-PV original foi traduzido, retraduzido, suas versões foram discutidas por um comitê de especialistas, e a ferramenta resultante foi testada em 20 profissionais de saúde e 20 cuidadores de pacientes com CCIC quanto à sua clareza semântica. Resultados Os dados deste estudo e de seus participantes foram analisados, e seus resultados foram descritos. Dessa maneira, obteve-se a Lista de Verificação de Dor em Crianças Não Comunicantes - Versão Pós-operatória (Br-NCCPC-PV) como a versão final para o português falado no Brasil. Conclusão Após este estudo, a Br-NCCPC-PV foi considerada adequada para o uso na população brasileira.

A importância do apoio psicológico na saúde mental dos policiais militares de Fortaleza / The importance of psychological support in the mentalhealth of Fortaleza military policies

O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso teve o intuito de investigar a importância do apoio psicológico na saúde mental dos militares de Fortaleza, bem como se a sua relação com o trabalho gera patologias físicas e/ou psicológicas. Foi dividido em Introdução, metodologia, resultados e discussão e conclusão. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter exploratório, utilizando a abordagem qualitativa. Para a realização optou-se por trabalhar com entrevistas de aprofundamento, com 5 perguntas norteadoras, e análise de conteúdo. Os participantes foram identificados por patentes sendo estas: Coronel, Capitão, Cabo1, Cabo 2, Soldado. O trabalho demonstrou que a ausência de apoio psicológico, junto ao estresse cotidiano gera muitos prejuízos aos policiais. Concluiu-se que essa questão é multifatorial, mas passível de mudança por meio de estratégias de intervenção baseadas no atendimento psicológico nas regionais, a priori, e futuramente em cada quartel.(AU)

The present study was aimed at investigating the importance of psychological support in the mental health of the military in Fortaleza, as well as whether their relationship with work generates physical and / or psychological pathologies. An exploratory field research was carried out using the qualitative approach. For the accomplishment we opted to work with deepening interviews, with 5 guiding questions, and content analysis. Participants were identified by patents: Colonel, Captain, Corporal 1, Corporal 2, Soldier. The study showed that the absence of psychological support, coupled with daily stress, causes many losses to the police. It was concluded that this question is multifactorial, but changeable through intervention strategies based on psychological care in the regional, a priori, and future in each barracks.

Validação de uma versão brasileira do inventario breve de dor

Antes de ser encarada como motivo de repulsa ou sofrimento, a dor é um sinal ou conjunto de sinais de enorme relevância para os achados diagnósticos, podendo ainda hoje nortear o profissional de saúde no tratamento carreto. A comunicação atua como instrumento facilitador da intelecção, diminuindo barreiras sociais, econômicas, religiosas e políticas. Assim, questionários e escalas são amplamente utilizados objetivando uma interface mais aproximada do profissional da saúde com paciente, facilitando sobremaneira a interlocução. Foi premissa deste trabalho a tradução e adaptação do inventário Breve da Dor (BPI) para a Língua Portuguesa falada no Brasil, buscando sua validação científica e visando ainda a sua aplicação posterior para mensurar tanto a intensidade como a interferência da dor na vida do paciente com câncer. No primeiro momento, o questionário original foi traduzido pontualmente por três tradutores fluentes nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa falada no Brasil. Mediante do Back-Translation foi comparado com o BPI original estando a versão brasileira com os mesmos objetivos, ou seja, a Versão Brasileira do inventário Breve da Dor (BPI-B) é similar a outras versões em curso, dentro de suas propriedades psicométricas. O inventário teve uma amostra final de 475 pacientes do ensino fundamental, cuja idade média foi de 54,37 anos (DP = 14,56), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (58,9%), no entanto o trabalho foi dividido em dois estudos. No primeiro, participaram 196 pacientes do ensino fundamental, cuja idade média foi de 56 anos (DP = 14,94), sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (56,1%), que teve como objetivo agrupando múltiplos indicadores que atendessem aos critérios de validade, precisão e parcimônia...(AU)

Before being considered a reason tor repulse or suffering, pain is a sign or a set of signs of great relevance to diagnosis, it may even nowadays guide health professionals towards proper treatment. Communication serves as a tool that facilitates intellection, diminishing social? economical, religious and political barriers. Being so, questionnaires and scales are widely used with the purpose of promoting a closer interface between health professionals and patient, making the interlocution easier. The translation and adaptation of Brief inventory of Pain into Brazilian Portuguese was a premise of this thesis, searching scientifically validation and aiming still at its posterior usage to measure intensity and interference of pain in cancer patient’s life. At first the original questionnaire was translated promptly by three fluent translators in English and Brazilian Portuguese. The Back Translation was compared to original BPI, as a result, the Brazilian version proved to have the same goals, that is, the Brazilian Pain Brief Inventory (BPI-B) is similar to other current versions, observing its psicomedical properties. The inventory presented a final sample of 475 patients in elementary school, whose average age was 54,37 years old (DP = 14,56), most female (58,9%), however, the research was divided into two parts. In the first one, 196 patients in elementary school took part. Their average age was 56 (DP = 14,94), most female (56,1%). it had as its objective to group multiple indicators that responded to validation, precision and parsimony criteria...(AU)

Câncer infantil: organização familiar e doença / Childhood cancer: family organization and illness

Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico que objetivou investigar a literatura psicossocial sobre as experiências das famílias que tem crianças e adolescentes com câncer, publicada no contexto brasileiro nos últimos dez anos. Almejou-se traçar um panorama do estado da arte das publicações nessa área, identificando possíveis lacunas e tendências. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o método do levantamento bibliográfico, mediante a busca não-sistemática de artigos indexados e livros. As publicações foram submetidas a uma análise qualitativa, agrupando-se os achados considerados relevantes para orientar as intervenções da equipe de saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram um número crescente de publicações nessa área, que mostram que a equipe multiprofissional necessita oferecer informações e apoio contínuo às famílias para ajudá-las a enfrentar as situações estressantes, de modo que possam colaborar e participar ativamente do tratamento.(AU)

This bibliographic study investigates the psychosocial literature on experiences of families who have children and adolescents with chilhood cancer, published in Brazil in last 10 years. It aims to overview the frame of what is being studied and published in this area, identifying possible gaps adn trends. Data were collect through a bibliografic survey, by means of a non-systematic search of indexed articles and books. The publications were submitted to qualitative analysis, by grouping the findings considered relevant to guide the health team interventions. Results point towards increasing number of publications in this area, whic shows that multiprofessional team needs to offer continuos support and information to help families to face most stressing situations, so that they can collaborate and participate actively in treatment.(AU)

Câncer infantil: organização familiar e doença / Childhood cancer: family organization and illness

Trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico que objetivou investigar a literatura psicossocial sobre as experiências das famílias que tem crianças e adolescentes com câncer, publicada no contexto brasileiro nos últimos dez anos. Almejou-se traçar um panorama do estado da arte das publicações nessa área, identificando possíveis lacunas e tendências. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o método do levantamento bibliográfico, mediante a busca não-sistemática de artigos indexados e livros. As publicações foram submetidas a uma análise qualitativa, agrupando-se os achados considerados relevantes para orientar as intervenções da equipe de saúde. Os resultados evidenciaram um número crescente de publicações nessa área, que mostram que a equipe multiprofissional necessita oferecer informações e apoio contínuo às famílias para ajudá-las a enfrentar as situações estressantes, de modo que possam colaborar e participar ativamente do tratamento.

This bibliographic study investigates the psychosocial literature on experiences of families who have children and adolescents with chilhood cancer, published in Brazil in last 10 years. It aims to overview the frame of what is being studied and published in this area, identifying possible gaps adn trends. Data were collect through a bibliografic survey, by means of a non-systematic search of indexed articles and books. The publications were submitted to qualitative analysis, by grouping the findings considered relevant to guide the health team interventions. Results point towards increasing number of publications in this area, whic shows that multiprofessional team needs to offer continuos support and information to help families to face most stressing situations, so that they can collaborate and participate actively in treatment.